Managing Acne and Scarring
Dark skin is a physical trait that is present amongst diverse ethnic groups, such as African, East Asian, Latino, Middle Eastern, Mediterranean, and Native American. While skin rich in melanin can, for the most part, safely absorb ultraviolet rays, developing acne is unfortunately very common. Consequences of acne in people with dark skin include keloid (raised scar after skin has healed) formation and hyperpigmentation (dark brown or red spots). These manifestations are the skin’s response to untreated acne and poor lifestyle choices.
Acne starts to rear its ugly head during adolescence and can be prominent during adult years. People with darker complexions tend to have inflammatory acne (the most common type of acne), which includes papules and pustules. Because people with darker skin complexions have a high risk of keloid scarring, usually noted on their chests and backs, it is important to be proactive in preventing and managing acne.
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation resulting from acne can last for months, even years. Picking at the skin, although tempting, will only worsen it and prolong the time it takes to reverse its effects. Again, it is important that an acne treatment is started early, to mitigate the chance of hyperpigmentation.
One approach to acne prevention is to avoid products that clog pores. For example, excessive use of products that contain oils, cocoa butter, and shea butter can cause pore congestion in skin that is already susceptible to acne. Instead, opt for non-comedogenic products. If breakouts are prominent at the hairline, clients should avoid using hair products that contain pore-clogging ingredients. Glycerin-based hair products are a great alternative.
Another approach to managing acne is adhering to a simple, effective skin care regimen and to use acne products comprised of ingredients that work well with dark skin.
Benzoyl peroxide treats inflammatory acne and is found over-the-counter, as well as in prescription medication. In topical formulations, it causes mild drying and peeling, but is relatively safe for darker complexions. Products containing 2.5 percent benzoyl peroxide will remove bacteria that causes acne. Clients should start by using it every other day until their skin builds a tolerance for it. Then, they can increase the frequency to daily use.
Retinoids and retinols are vitamin A derivatives that help reduce inflammation, minimize the size of pores, prevent new breakouts, and improve the appearance of dark spots.